Department of Sociology Master of Science in Sociology
M.Sc. Sociology
List of Academic Staff
Name | Status and Qualifications | Research Interest(s) | ||
A.Raji | Senior Lecturer & Acting Head of Department. B.Sc., M.Sc., PGDE, Ph.D.(Ilorin) | Rural Sociology, Urban Sociology, Sociology of Development, Population studies, Social Problems and Research Methodology. | ||
B.Salawu | Professor B.Sc.(ABU, Zaria); M.Sc. (Lagos); Ph.D., (Ibadan) | Industrial Sociology, Industrial Psychology, Industrial Relation Theory and System Organization and Administrative Theory | ||
N.Yusuf | Professor B.Sc.,M.Sc.,Ph.D.(Ibadan) | Industrial Sociology, Sociology of Development and Social Problems | ||
A.Y.Muhammed | Professor B.Sc.,M.Sc.,MILR,PGDE,Ph.D. (Ilorin) | Industrial Sociology, Research Methodology, Demography, Sociology of Law and Youth Development Studies and Social Problems | ||
Deborah.S.Adekeye | Professor B.Sc.,M.Sc.,MPA.,Ph.D.(Ilorin) | Gender Studies, Sociology of the Family, Social Problems and Industrial Sociology | ||
A.A.Abdullahi | Professor B.Sc., (BUK, Kano); M.Sc., (Ibadan);Ph.D.(Johannesburg) | Health Sociology, Sociology of Development, Social Problems, Youth and Development | ||
O.A.Fawole | Reader B.Sc.,M.Sc.,Ph.D.(Ilorin) | Social Gerontology, Sociology of the Family, Social Problems and Criminology | ||
R.O.Yusuff | Senior Lecturer B.Sc. (Ilorin); (Ibadan) | M.Sc., | Ph.D., | Formal Organization, Industrial Sociology and Personnel Management |
S.ZAbdulbaqi | Senior Lecturer B.Sc. (UDUS, Ph.D.(Ilorin) | Sokoto); | M.Sc., | Industrial Sociology, Social Statistics and Sociology of Development |
S.J.Akor | Senior Lecturer B.Sc.(Jos);M.Sc.Ph.D.(Ilorin) | Sociology of Health and Illness, Sociology of Religion, Sociology of Development and Demography | ||
A.GOlatunji | Senior Lecturer B.Sc.,M.Sc.,Ph.D.(Ilorin) | Sociology of Development, Sociology of Entrepreneurship, Economic Sociology and Research Methodology | ||
A.SOlanrewaju | Lecturer I B.Sc.(Jos);M.Sc.(Lagos);Ph.D.(Ibadan) | Rural Sociology, Agricultural Sociology and Environmental Sociology | ||
T.OTejideen | Lecturer I B.Sc.,M.Sc.(Ilorin) | Sociology of Family, Sociology of Deviant Behaviour and Social Heritage |
O.D.Fagbamila | Lecturer I B.Sc.,M.Sc.,Ph.D.(Ilorin | Criminology, Organizational Psychology and Sociology of Globalizarion |
M.Issah | Lecturer I B.Sc.,M.Sc.(Ilorin) | Sociology of the Third world, Environmental Sociology, Sociology of Crime and Delinquency and Social Statistics |
Introduction
A warm welcome from the Department of Sociology, University of Ilorin to our Masters students in Sociology. The Department was established several years ago having realized the need to have capable hands to serve humanity as scholars and practitioners in the field of Sociology in line with international standards. M.Sc. Sociology of the Department has been carefully designed and structured to reflect trans-disciplinary approach, currently seen as important in the world system order, to enable the students stand out as excellent scholars and practitioners capable of shaping a better and safer world.
Philosophy
The general philosophy of the Programme is the development of the total being through an enhanced capacity to direct the trajectory of development in a complex and industrializing society within the framework of a fast changing global environment. The philosophy also embodies the development of the mind through theoretical and empirical knowledge to encourage individual self-reliance.
Aims and Objectives
To deliver grounded research-led degree awarding programme in a conducive atmosphere that enhances learning and stimulates independent thinking among the students. To create a conducive academic environment that encourages a robust academic interaction and relationship among the students and teachers. Be among the leading Departments of Sociology in Nigeria with diverse areas of specializations that can serve humanity better. To initiate and sustain interactions and collaborations with our immediate community and the world at large. To attract the best students from around the world to benefit and contribute to the learning environment.
Admission Requirements
The criteria for admission into M.Sc. Sociology are as follow:
Candidates must possess a minimum of 5 O’level credits including English Language. Candidates with atleast 2ndClass Lower Division Bachelor‘s degree in Sociology from an approved University. Candidates will be subjected to passing a qualifying examination to be administered by the Department. To be awarded a Master‘s Degree in Sociology, a student must be in and pass a minimum of 33 credit units and a maximum of 39 credit units.
Duration of the Programme
A Master in Sociology is run on full time basis. A full time M.Sc. sociology shall run for a minimum of 24 calendar months and a maximum of 36 calendar months.
Detailed Course Description
SOC801 Advanced Sociological Theory 3Credits
A distinction between classical and contemporary sociological theories with an advanced examination of ‗traditional‘, modern and postmodern social theories, including structural- functionalism, symbolic interactionism/social action theory, conflict and stratification theories and their relevance to emerging social phenomena. Emerging theoretical constructs: game theory, grounded theory, interpretive tradition, phenomenology, ethnomethodology, metatheorizing and social exchange theories. Application of theoretical constructs/frameworks to social issues/phenomena: power, social change and development, deviance, health and education.45h(T);C
SOC 802 Advanced Statistics for the Behavioral Sciences 3 Credits
Where Do Data Come From? Differences between data and information. Detailed discussion of statistical tests and their relation to empirical research in behavioural sciences; descriptive statistics; Percentages, Proportions, and Ratios; Frequency Distributions; Tables; inferential statistics; measures of central tendencies and dispersion; the mean, media and the mode. Probability and Sampling; Hypothesis testing (one sample; two samples);Chi-square, T-test Multivariate analysis, the applications of Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and Covariance, Pearson Product co-efficient correlation, Regression analysis etc.45h(T);C
SOC 803 Advanced Research Methods in Behavioural Science 3 Credits
Definition of research; research as critical and systematic activity, research as quest for rediscovery and research as centre-piece of science. The Logic of scientific social inquiry and ethical questions in Africa. Meta-theoretical assumptions and the nature of social reality; ontological, realist, epistemological and methodological assumptions/questions leading to a distinction between quantitative and qualitative research methodology. Quantitative designs and methods; experimental, control research, survey research; questionnaire and structured interview. Qualitative designs and methods; the application of participatory rapid appraisal(PRA) tools; Focus Group Discussion (FGD), Semi-Structured Interview (SSI), In-depth Interview (IDI) or Key Informant Interview (KII), ethnography, observation, case studies and institutional mapping among other tools. Use of case studies and biographic data; data analysis and interpretation. Relationship between theory and research; sampling problem and procedures. Methods, theory and data Triangulation.45h(T);C
SOC804 Computer Appreciation 3Credits
The practical application of computer software in quantitative and qualitative data analysis. Computer Software in quantitative analysis such as Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS), Epidemiological information (Epi Info), an introduction to Microsoft Excel, and other latest software packages meant for quantitative analysis. All these shall include the use of computers in hypothesis testing using correlation and regression analyses, chi-square, and other inferential statistical tools. Emphasis would also be placed on the use of computers in sampling designs and selection, sampling distribution and parameter estimation. A discussion of other packages for analyzing qualitative data among which are N-Vivo and Atlas-ti. In addition, students should also be introduced to the use of PowerPoint and other relevant packages useful for report presentation and analysis.45h(T);C
SOC 805 Sociology of Entrepreneurship 3 Credits
Meaning, types and importance of entrepreneurship; introduction, growth and evolution of entrepreneurship. The entrepreneurial mindset. Pathways to entrepreneurial ventures, legal issues, access to finance. Entrepreneurial Strategy and growth. Marketing Challenges for entrepreneurs in Nigeria. The environment, economy and entrepreneurship & entrepreneurship. Ethics, Social responsibility, Social entrepreneurship. Indigenous entrepreneurs and the challenges faced by them. Women entrepreneurs in Nigeria and challenges faced by them. Family businesses and succession planning. Global opportunities/international entrepreneurship. Approaches (psychological, anthropological, sociological) to entrepreneurship and their relevance to Nigerian environment.45h(T);C
SOC806 Sociology of Work 3Credits
Work as fundamental to human living, traditional and modern work organizations, work behaviour as a correlate of the socio-cultural milieu, communication system in the work place and work behavior. Analysis of social relations of production at the work place, group structure and work behaviour, norms, conformity and deviance in production process, techniques of sanction in the workplace; work place as milieu of relations and hierarchies, sociological theories of work place and work behaviour.45h(T);E
SOC 807 Industrial Sociology 3 Credits
Industrialism and industrialization: Structure and culture of modern industry, their consequences for status and organization in the work plant and the wider community. The 19thCentury Europe and industrialization. A study on labour force, formal and informal organizations; management and labour; Union and management interactions in the power structure of industry and society; conflict and conflict resolution in industrial organization. Factors affecting industrial morale and productivity, the political economy of industrialization in Nigeria, industrial development policies in Nigeria. Analysis of types and theories of industrial organizations.45h(T);E
SOC808 Labour History and Trade Unionism 3Credits
The evolution, growth and structure and functions of workers; senior staff employers, trade unions, their roles in industrial relations as well as in development processes. Indigenization policies in Nigeria. Development and history of trade union Acts. Trade union leadership and ideology.45h(T);E
SOC 809 The City, Urbanization and Urbanism 3 Credits
Emerging urban cities in the world; Historical roots of urbanization in Europe(Industrial Revolution),urban or urbanism? Nature of urban social structure and culture, urban planning; systems of urban differentiation and their consequences; rural migration and its impact of urban and urbanism; Combination of rural and urban social organizations and urbanism in various societies. Historical roots of urban and urbanism in Nigeria. Industrial Revolution in Nigeria; problems and prospect as well as its impact on urban and urbanism.45h(T);E
SOC 810 Comparative Health Care Delivery Systems 3 Credits
Themes in the field of medical sociology; Organization of medical practice; Professionals and bureaucracy; Medicine and the state; Organization of health service; Health manpower; comparative health delivery systems. A global perspective and comparative health care delivery system; between socialist and capitalist health care policies. Health insurance policies; Private Health Insurance (PHI), Social Health Insurance (SHI) and Community Health Insurance (CHI).45h(T);E
SOC 811 Advanced Medical Sociology 3 Credits
Sociological and anthropological concepts in the analysis of health-related behaviour (Illness behaviour, sick role behaviour); Health and medical orientation; Health motivation and attitudes towards medical systems; Patterns of utilization of medical facilities: curative/treatment services, preventive/detection services; Social cultural components of illness and disease and health care; Epidemiology, medical professions and socialization of health professionals. Common theories in medical sociology (health belief model (HBM), theory of reasoned action, rational choice theory, theory of health care service utilization etc).45h(T);E
SOC812 Social Psychiatry 3Credits
Concept of mental illness, psychiatric epidemiology, social and mental illness; social forces at the onset of illness; comparative mental health delivery systems; Community psychiatry; Cross cultural studies. Understanding the sociology of drug abuse and trafficking including the social implications of illicit drugs and trafficking.45h(T);E
SOC 813 Sociology of Health and Illness Behaviour 3 Credits
Health and illness behaviour. Distinction between disease and illness. Focus on belief system and the cultural practices influencing health and illness behaviour. Dismal[Personal](dietary behaviour, smoking and drug abuse, sexual behaviour, physical activities) and proximal [social] determinants of health (socio-economic status, education, social relationship, social capital and social network etc). Health services provided by traditional and modern practitioners will be compared; role, trends, problems and challenges of traditional medicine in healthcare service provision Africa; why have traditional healers refused to disappear? Categorizing traditional healers in Africa. History of modern medicine in Nigeria; its problems and challenges.45h(T);E
SOC814 Social Epidemiology 3Credits
Distinction to be drawn between epidemiology and social epidemiology. Epidemiology and the web of causation of disease. A distinction between dismal and proximate or personal and social determinants of health. An examination of the classical and current theoretical trends in social epidemiology (Hippocrates, germ theory, psychosocial theory, political economy of health/ social production of disease, eco-social theory and related multi-level dynamic perspectives). Globalization, health and disease distribution.45h(T);E
SOC815 Criminology 3Credits
The objective of this course is to help students identify, examine and understand the rationale and justification about crime beyond the criminal justice system. Why do some people commit crime and others don‘t? Who is a criminal? Etiology of criminal behaviour; an exposition of theoretical constructs such as biological, psychological and sociological theories of crime and of the criminal personality. In other words, can socio-economic and political factors influence the development of criminal behaviour? Typology of crime, including the crime of the powerful (the white-collar crime, corporate crime). Punishment modalities (why do people get punished?); a critical analysis of common criminal activities in Nigeria. Exposing students to cert a in practical reality about the
criminal through relevant mediums such as films, books, documentaries. An excursion to penal institutions and the courts within the vicinity.45h(T);E
SOC 816 Juvenile Delinquency 3 Credits
Forms and causes of Juvenile delinquency; the administration of juvenile justice system including thejuvenilecourt,theprobationofyoungoffenders,theremandhomes,thereformatory,the approved schools and the portal system would be presented and discussed. An introduction into the Convention of the Right of the Child and the Child Rights Acts of 2003 and the place of Nigerian Child would be examined.45h(T);E
SOC 817 Sociology of Deviant Behavior 3 Credits
Distinction between deviance and crime; The meaning of deviance and deviant behaviour. Deviance asasocially leant behaviour (Edward Sutherland‘s Differential Association). Analysis of sociological factors that cause deviance. Functions and dysfunctions of deviance in the society; A practical analysis of common deviant acts in Nigeria a survey of theories of deviance with emphasis on cross-cultural studies. Applicability of the theories in contemporary Nigeria45h(T);E
SOC818 Social Control 3Credits
An examination of internal and external social control mechanisms; the society as a social control system, the need for effective control system in the society, different mechanisms of social control, social control as the basis of order and disorder in human society. The focus of this course is to identify, describe and understand the development of correctional services. The rationale for imprisonment, protection order, parole, parole and probation of offenders; the major correctional theories and their application will be treated. The process of prisonization and alternatives to traditional methods of treatment and punishment will also be covered. The concept of punishment, deterrence, reformation, rehabilitation and reintegration would be examined. Ethical issues involved in correctional services are also important.45h(T);E
SOC819 Criminal Justice System 3Credits
The objective of this course is to understand the concept of criminal law, the types of crime and elements of major crimes. The organization and interaction of the agencies of criminal justice system; the police, courts, prisons, and juvenile justice system will be studied. System of criminal justice and control; Organization and decision processes involved in detection, arrest, prosecution, adjudication, sentencing, and other sub-systems of criminal justice; Issues of evaluation and planning; Ethical issues in criminal justice.45h(T);E
SOC 820 Contemporary Social Problems 3 Credits
Analysis of current social problem in the light of their historical background; causes, impacts of development and practical method of solution or treatment. Social problem as a social or human creation not as God. Conditions for defining social problem. Survey of the forces leading to social disorder or social disorganization, social change, political violence, population movement, ethnic relations. Analysis of common social problems in Nigeria. Classical and current theories of social problems and their applicability to contemporary social problems in Nigeria.45h(T);E
SOC821 Sociology of Development and Social Change 3Credits
The study explores conceptual frameworks offered by various social science disciplines to the study of development; growth/development, underdevelopment and un-development, social change, globalization, industrialization, community development and urbanization. Examination of specific issues and case studies drawn from different parts of the world with major focus on Africa and Nigeria. A historical explanation and the sociology of development in the Eastern and Western blocs as captured in theories of development and underdevelopment; evolutionary, modernization, Marxist and orthodox Marxist, dependency and the world system theories. Attention to be paid to the causes and characteristics of underdevelopment in the 3rdworld, including an understanding of the role of internal and external factors such as foreign aid and multinational corporations; instances are drawn from the Niger-Delta, centre-periphery relations and unequal political/economic exchange. Balanced development in Nigeria through population, settlement pattern and dispersal of industries.45h(T);E
SOC822 Political Sociology 3Credits
This course involves the application of sociological concepts, variables, models and theories to political behavior and processes. A critical examination of the African political system prior to colonialism; the impact of colonialism on contemporary African politics and political system. An examination of European-generated of concepts such as democracy, totalitarianism, political culture, political socialization, capitalism, socialism and political participation. An examination of the relevance of classical sociological thinkers to politics (Karl Marx and Max Weber).The contributions of contemporary sociological thinkers such as Vilfredo Pareto and Talcott Parsons etc. The political sociology of Nigeria and Africa; the place of Nigeria and Africa in the global political economy. Analysis of major types of political interaction; location of crucial political roles in the social structure, a practical demonstration of application of sociological theories to political terrain on Nigeria.45h(T);E
SOC 823 Sociology of Revolution 3 Credits
Examination of the theories and strategies of revolutionary changes advanced by classical and contemporary political and social thinkers; Activities concerned with the Third World liberation movements; Readings from Marx to Cabral. An examination of specific revolutions in history as well as contemporary revolutions; identifying common or divergent socio-historical factors in them. Social movement theories, violence, protests and revolutions; psychological theories of violence, relative deprivation theory, resource mobilization theory, political opportunity structure theory, new social movement theories etc. It asks the question why are revolutions taking place in some places (Europe, America, Middle-East and the Maghreb) and not taking place in others where people are in dire need of protests and demonstrations (e.g. Sub-Sahara Africa).45h(T);E
SOC824 Contemporary Issues in Gender Studies 3Credits
The aim of this course is to train students in gender issues and to raise their consciousness to the level where they become gender sensitive and sensitized and would be able to implement national, state and/or local government programmes to address gender issues. The course begins with the basic concepts in gender studies such as women, gender roles, gender stratification and inequality, gender parity index. Forms of gender inequality; theories of gender studies; biological determinism; hormones and the brain, brain lateralization, sociobiology; psychological theory of gender/psychoanalytic feminism, the interactionist perspective, critical/radical feminism, Marxist theory of gender, socialist feminism, intersection a list theory of gender and the structured
dialectical theory. Developmental approaches to the status of women; women in development (WID), gender analysis approach, and gender planning tradition‘ with emphasis on the role of women in development, various strategies for poverty reduction and eradication, especially among women. Sensitization of the myriad problems confronting women in society is to be covered particularly with reference to Nigeria.45h(T);E
SOC 825 Sociology of the Family 3 Credits
Family as a basic social institution; analysis of family in varying societal contexts; orientations and approaches (models and theories) in the study of the family in industrial and non-industrial societies. The problem of a universal definition. Clarification of related concepts such as kinship and marriage. Classical (Tiger and Fox, Peter Murdock) and contemporary sociological analysis (Talcott Parsons; strands of feminism) of the family. Alternative patterns of family role organization; Inter-connections with social structure of wider social systems. The new‘ marriage and family system. Challenges of family institutions in the 21stcentury and beyond; dysfunction families; single parents, abusive in homes, adolescence and parenting45h(T);E
SOC826 Sexual and Reproductive Health 3Credits
The focus of this course is on the sexual behaviour, sexual orientation, sexual networking, sexuality and disabilities, sexual rights and sexual education. The influence of socio-cultural factor son the incidence of unit ended pregnancies, teenage pregnancy, use of family planning, abortion, childbirth, circumcision, Vesicovaginal Fistula (VVF) and Uriterovaginal fistula (UVF). 45h (T); E
SOC827 Advanced Social and Applied Demography 3Credits
Survey techniques as applied to the study of fertility, mortality, labour force participation and marital history; Schedule construction, survey sampling, measurement and critical review of major demographic surveys. Demographic changes as causes and consequences of socio-economic change, Comparative analysis of size, structure, movement and distribution of populations during economic and social modernization; Non-economic factors in population change. Classical and contemporary population theories; population size and the optimum population theory; Malthusian principle of population; Demographic transition theory; Morbidity, epidemiologic transition; Towards a theory of fertility change; Laws of migration; push-pull model, theory and ideology in population.45h(T);E
SOC828 Globalization, Immigration and Transnationalism in the 21st Century 3Credits
Global nature of contemporary social, economic, cultural and political change. Globalization theories and trends processes and institutional structures. The second part focuses on international migration, covering the growth of immigrant communities in the developed world, particularly in the US and Europe. Some attention will also be paid to migration flows within the developing world. Explores historical and current theoretical perspectives on migration, analysis of historical, current and projected patterns of migration in developed and developing countries, and examines effects of migration on other demographic, economic, social, and political factors. The third part examines trans-nationalization theories and trends, looking at the meaning of the changing conceptions of identity, citizenship, national sovereignty, and community. It looks at the emerging role and activities of transnational migrants and immigrant community based organisations(CBOs) and non-governmental organisations (NGOs). The course pays attention to the relationship between globalization and inequality, the fate of cultural diversity(multiculturalism and pluralism) in a globalized world and to issues affecting developing countries and immigrant communities in developed countries. The third and concluding part also explores urban impacts of globalization, immigration and transnationalism and the changing context and directions of urban governance and politics in the 21 century.45h(T);E
SOC829 Social Policy and Planning 3Credits
The concept of social policy and the role of the state in the formulation and implementation of social policies would be examined together with models of social policy analysis. Special attention shall be paid to social policies in relation to family, health, education, housing, social security and the socially disadvantaged, social problems, ethnic minority, utilities and other social services. The politics of social policy and social services provision would be discussed.45h(T);E
SOC830 Population,PolicyandPlanning 3Credits
An overview of different population policies in developed and developing countries. Pro-natalistic, anti-natalistic and naturalistic population policies. The implementation of population policies towards meeting the challenges of development goals on population. Population planning and development. socio-political problems associated with the formulation and implementation of population policies in the SSA.45h(T);E
SOC831 Population Health 3Credits
Social Epidemiology; forms and etiology of disease. Different health care delivery systems and the extent at which they have been able to meet the challenges of incidence and prevalence of diseases inhuman population. Related courses in comparative healthcare delivery and social epidemiology. 45h (T); E
SOC832 Rural Development, Planning and Evaluation 3Credits
The course examines conceptual framework for planning socio-economic programmes; programmes planning models; programme planning and change, top-down versus participatory planning; the concept of programme evaluation; evaluation techniques; and practical problem, programme planning and evaluation.45h(T);E
SOC833 Rural Sociology 3Credits
The course deals with the sociological analysis of the rural social organization, the problems and prospects of rural development. Conceptual difficulty inherent in the concepts or rural and rurality. Various theoretical approaches in rural sociology and their relevance to rurality in Nigeria and Africa. Practical ways through which rural areas can be developed; the place of agricultural and rural development in national development and planning; strategies and models of rural development while emphasizing the processes of social, economic and political integration of rural areas into national society; and rural infrastructure and institutional development. analysis of special rural development programmes in Nigeria. Beyond sociological theirs, theories shall be drawn from political science, economics, demography, ecology and planning to understand the emergence of new forms of social organization and their implications for rural development in Nigeria.45h(T);E
SOC834 Comparative Rural Social System 3Credits
The course focuses on the examination of elected rural and agricultural systems with reference to organization and institutions; and comparative analysis of rural communities in different social setting with respect to elements and processes of social change, innovation and decision-making, communication and diffusion, leadership and social action.45h(T);E
SOC835 Agric Extension Organization and Cooperative Studies 3Credits
The focus shall be on the basic concepts of administration, organization and supervision; principles of administration; special demands of agricultural administration; agricultural administration under different agrarian systems; and problems of organization and administration of agricultural extension in Nigeria from historical perspective.45h(T);E
SOC 836 Project Monitoring and Evaluation 3 Credits Development of monitoring and evaluation systems; concepts such as impact, adequacy, efficiency, effectiveness, monitoring indicators and monitoring formats would be presented and discussed.45h(T);E
SOC837 Land Tenure and Resource Management 3Credits
The course starts with defining land tenure. It focuses on the Nigerian case where land tenure system comprises the customary and legalized rights to the use and control over land (and water) which constitute the most basic resources of man.45h(T);E
SOC839 Seminar 3Credits
A student shall present, defend and submit atleast one seminar paper.45h(T);C
SOC840 Dissertation 6Credits
An independent research on a topic approved by the Department.225h(P);C
Graduation Requirements
Core courses of fifteen(15)credit units, including
Advanced Sociological Theory 3Credits
Advanced Research Methods in Behavioural Science 3Credits
Advanced Statistics for the Behavioural Science 3Credits
Computer Application 3Credits
Sociology of Entrepreneurship 3Credits
15Credits
Atleast two(2) Elective Courses in an area of specialization and atleast one(1) Elective in other areas 9Credits
Seminar 3Credits
Dissertation 6Credits
Total 33Credits
Summary of Departmental Requirements
To be awarded Master of Science Degree in Sociology, a candidate must pass a minimum of 33 Credit Units made up as follows:
Core Course: Minimum of 30 Credit units
Elective courses: Minimum of 3 credit units